Module 7  Unit 2  Fit for life

Word study

1.open up 打开；开发；开始

 They opened the country up to trade 他们开放国家，以进行贸易。

拓展：be open to 对、、、开放的；易受、、、的；in the open 在户外，在野外；keep one’s eyes open 留心；注意；lay open 摊开（书等）；throw open 突然打开；大开；open fire on/upon at 向、、、开火

 

2.There is a probabilility/possibility that +从句 “很有可能/有可能、、、”

He worked deep into night last night. There is a probability that he will be late for work today.

昨晚他工作到深夜，今天他很可能会上班迟到。

拓展： There is no doubt that +从句/there is no doubt about sth 毫无疑问 There is no need for sb to do sth某人没必要做某事/there is no need that +从句  没必要、、、 It’s no use doing sth 做谋事没必要

there is no need that you go to Shanghai .你没必要去上海。

There no doubt that he will come to your party.毫无疑问，他会来参加你的聚会。

3.   recipe: n. [c] 医生的处方;烹饪法;制作法,诀窍

I’d like to have your recipe for cookies.

我想知到你制作小甜饼的方法.

He thinks the only            success lies in hard work.

他认为成功的唯一诀窍是勤奋.

4.    acid: adj. ( more acid, most acid) 酸的;刻薄的

have an acid taste  有酸味     an acid comment

5.    trial: n. 试验考验;审讯,审判

We must put the machine to trial.= We must give the machine a trial.

我们必须试行运转那部机器。

on trial 在试用中，试验性的         

a public trial  公审   a trial flight  试飞  

a trial match 预赛

trial and error 尝试错误(的做事方法)

try to do 努力做某事     try doing 试着做某事     try on 试穿          try out （彻底）试验

try one’s best to do 竭尽所能做某事

6.    standardize:  使标准化          n. standard

the standard of living

standardized tablets 标准片剂

set high standard for sb      为---确立高的标准

7.    thin: vt.vi (thinned, thinning)使变薄，变稀，使淡

You can thin down this paint with water.

这油漆可以掺水稀释。

adv. 薄的，稀疏地Cut the bread thinner  

adj. 瘦的稀少的She looks thinner than before.  He has thin hair.

8.   block: vt. 妨碍，阻塞  be blocked 被阻挡

The crowd blocked the street.

Her father blocked her plan to study abroad.

n. 木块石块；街区   a road block 路障 

  an office block 办公大楼

 a block of 一块  a block of wood / stone/ ice木/石/ 冰块

The post office is two blocks away. 邮局在前面两条街的地方。

9.   length: n. 长度，长

a length (depth) of+ 数词    长度，深度---

a length of 10 metres   长10米  

 a depth of 100meters

a length of rope  一根绳子     a length of cloth 一段布

It’s 1000 kilometers long/deep =It’s1000 meters in length/depth.

   at length最后，充分详细地

at full length 伸展全身  in length长度上

   When he came back, he told me the story at length                 

   He lay  at full length  on the grass.

10.             contemporary: adj.  当代的，同时代的

be contemporary with  与某人同时期的

contemporary literature 当代文学

 contemporary inventions

n. He and I were contemporaries at school.

   我和他是同期同学。

 

11.             note  vt. 发现，注意到；记录  

     n. 记录；笔记；注解；便条

Please note what I do and then follow me. 请注意我干的事，然后跟我学。

  note down 写下，记下

  take /make a note of  做笔记

  take note of 注意到，留意到

  compare notes with sb. 与某人交流

练习

⑴ She sat quietly in the corner, taking/making notes carefully (仔细做笔记).

⑵ I made /took a note of (记下) her address and phone number.

⑶ The policeman noted down every word she said. (把她所说的每句话都记了下来).

noted adj. 著名的 a noted doctor 一个著名的医生

12.             name  vt. 命名，提名；叫出

说出下列句中name的含义

⑴ They named the baby Xiaoyu. 为某人取名

⑵ Can you name all the plants and trees in the garden. 说出

⑶ We named him chairman. 任命

常用短语             

name after 以命名         by the name of 名叫

know sb. by name仅仅知道某人的名字    

under the name of 以名字       

in the name of 以的名义

一个叫Tom 的男孩 （多种表达）

a boy named Tom

a boy with the name Tom

a boy by the name of Tom

a boy whose name is Tom

a boy ,Tom by name

namely adv. 即，也就是

nameless adj. 无名的，不知名的，匿名的

 

13.             purify: 使洁净，净化

This salt has been purified for use in medicine.

Adj. pure  纯的，纯洁的 Is this sweater made of pure wool?

14.             quantity: n. 量，数量  in large quantities     质量

a product that is cheap to produce in large quantities

可以大批廉价生产的产品。

It is often cheaper to buy goods in quantity.

大批量的购买东西较便宜。

A large quantity of / large quantities of  + n [c,u] 大量的

前者做主语时谓语动词用单数,而后者做主语时动词总用复数。

                                  were supplied to the flooded area. 大量的食物被供应给灾区人民。

a large number of +(pl)    a great deal of +[u]

a lot of +[c.u]     a large amount of [u]

15.             mass: adj.大批的，数量极多的

Mass production started quickly.

n. 团，块；堆； 大部分    the masses 大众，民众

a mass of ---    masses of---  大量的，许多的

A mass of snow and rocks fell down the mountain.

There were masses of dark clouds in the sky.  天空乌云密布。

She has a mass of things to do.

Vt. 使集结；聚集

Demonstrators had massed outside the embassy.

示威者聚集在大使馆的外面。

16.             powerful: adj. ( more/ most powerful) 强大的，有力的

power: n. 权力；势力  have the power over/ to do sth

n. 能力；电力 [u]  have the power of doing 有能力做---

The president                           vote bills.

总统有权否决议案。

He                              helping you.

他有能力帮助你。

They have switched off the power.       

a power failure

Come into / in power   have power over sth对—有控制权

Beyond/ not within one’s power某人力所不及的

17. wonder: adj. 非凡的，奇妙的    wonder drug奇妙的药物

n. 惊奇（不可数）；奇迹；奇事（可数）

  They were filled with wonder when they saw UFOs. 充满惊奇

  Look at sth in wonder   惊奇的看者---

  The Great Wall is one of the great wonders of the world.

  It’s a wonder that he remained alive after the earthquake.

  难得（奇怪的是）地震后他还活着。

  (It’s ) No wonder he is not hungry; he has been eating all day.

  难怪他不饿，他一整天都在吃东西。

  v. 对—感到惊奇，想知道 （常与at, that, wh-clause/ whether/if连用）

   He wondered       he was wanted by the police.

   他想知道为啥被警察传唤。

   I wonder           you can help me.

我想知道你是否能帮我。

 18．relief: n. [u] 减轻；安慰； 救济---

The pills give her some relief.

=The pills bring relief to her.

药片减轻他一些痛苦。

Send relief to flooded areas. 发送救济粮

to one’s relief 使---宽慰的是

v. relieve.    relieve some burden 减轻负担

19. be made from / of / into / in ----

  1. The house                    bamboos.

  2. The tool was              China.

  3. Steel is               iron.

  4. This is a factory which makes glass         bottles.

  5. The class is                       50 students.

20. fundamental: adj. (more / most fundamental) 基础的，根本的

   Honesty is the fundamental cause of his success.

   诚实是他成功的主要原因。

be fundamental to sth / doing--- 对---是根本的

 The medicine was fundamental to saving the children.

 这药对救治孩子是重要的。

21.  put through 接通电话；做成；使通过             put away 把收起来，放好

put down放下；记下；                   

put on 穿上；增加；上演

   put out 熄灭      put forward 提出

   put together 把放在一起     put up 举起；张贴

   put up with忍受              put off 推迟

 

22. millions / hundreds/ thousands of  

   Million, hundred, and thousand 前面有数词或several, many 修饰时， 后面为实数意义， 词尾不加s； 前面没有数字时，后面加 s并与of 连用。

   three hundred people      many thousands of ---数千个

 

23. enquiry: n. v. =inquiry   询问，咨询，打听

   enquiry about sb/ sth   打听

   I called the station to enquiry about train times.

   Make inquiries of sb about sth 向---询问

24. a handful of---

   He gives the chicken a handful of rice.

   Only a handful of people came here.

25. arrangement: n. 布置，准备，安排

 We have finished all the arrangements for the party.

 We made an arrangement to meet at the airport.

 v. arrange 

 arrange a room   arrange (for) a taxi

  I’ve arranged for him to meet me.

26.pleasure: [u] 愉快，高兴，满足 [c] 乐事，乐趣

with pleasure   

for pleasure  

take pleasure / delight in---

It’s one’s pleasure to do sth做---是某人的荣幸

 

27. let out 发出，放出

翻译：有人把这消息泄露了出去。

Someone has let the news out.

有关let的短语:

let in 放入，允许进入    let off 宽恕，准许

let sb. be 不要打扰某人，由他去       

let sb. down 使某人失望

  

.